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Genevra Kornbluth.
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Last updated
October 21, 2024

Historical Archive: Musical Instruments, Musicians 1200-present
Representations follow surviving examples. Musical horns have their own page.


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12th-c. bone flute and late 14th/early 15th-c. bone whistle, MAHSD
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organ 15th-16th c., front 1654, Roskilde cathedral, which has its own page
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organ, 1433-37 (oldest surviving playable organ, restored 1954; painted wings reproductions during new restoration), Sion, Valère basilica, which has its own interior page with architectural context
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Chartres cathedral, oak organ case 1475/1481/1542/1614/1868. For context see Chartres.
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Gerald Woehl organ 1999, St. Michael's, Hildesheim, which has its own pages
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undated bell with dolphin support, int. Pisa cathedral, which has its own pages
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playing harp with toes: portal from Hylestad stave church, late 12th-early 13th c., OHM C4321, which has its own page
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viol or viola da gamba: Fiddler, limestone, Cologne late 12th-early 13th c., Schn K163. For other views see Schn.
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John the Baptist, David with lyre, Moses, Abraham and Isaac: 13th c. portal with 19th c. polychrome, St. Servatius' church, Maastricht. For contiguous images see Servatius.
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House of the Musicians sculpture: fife, tambourine, bagpipe, harp, rebec; limestone?, 13th c., Musée Saint-Rémi, Reims. These 5 figures have their own page.
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lyre: portal sculpture early 13th c., Pisa baptistery, which has its own page, in cathedral complex
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aquamanile, centaur drummer with flautist, copper alloy, Hildesheim, c.1200-1250, HNM 1860.115. For details see HNM.
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Chartres cathedral, south transept windows 1221-30. For more instruments in this window and context see Chartres.
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leper clapper: Bonaventura Berlinghieri 1235, St. Francis, which has its own page
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dance of Salome (restored), mosaic c.1240-1310, Baptistery of St. John, Florence. This work has its own pages.
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harpist: glass water bottle in the shape of pilgrim's flask, Syria c.1250-60, BM 1869,0120.3. This work has its own page.
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bowl with Tristan story, Limoges enamel c.1250-75, KGM 1917,101, which has its own page
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14th-c. angels singing and with portative organ, horn or bugle, psaltery, vielle, lute: Lorsch Torhalle, which has its own page with more paintings
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bells: effigy of Clémence of Hungary, marble, first third of the 14th c., Saint-Denis. This work has its own page.
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bagpipe: Hours of Jeanne d'Evreux, Jean Pucelle c.1324-28, Met 54.1.2, which has its own page.
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bagpipe: Virgin of Jeanne d'Evreux, silver gilt/enamel, 1324-39, Louvre MR 342, which has its own page
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tambourine: Ambrogio Lorenzetti, Good and Bad Government 1338-40, Siena, which has its own page
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bagpipe: Nativity and Shepherds, Magi: ivory diptych, Paris 1350-75, PMA 1921-20-1. This object has its own page.
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lute or gittern: ciborium monstrance, silver gilt/rock crystal/enamel, c.1350-75, DMP PR109, which has its own page with portative organ
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Life of St. Martin of Tours, embroidered altar frontal, 2nd half of 14th c., MRAH. This work has its own page.
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angels with viella, psaltery: Cappella Strozzi di Mantova, Florence, Nardo di Cione 1354-57, which has its own page with trumpets
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angels with portable organ and bagpipe: Orcagna altarpiece 1357, Cappella Strozzi di Mantova, Florence, which has its own page
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Angel with Symphonia, marble, Pisan c.1360 prob. from Campo Santo, NGA 1960.5.14. This work has its own page.
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Angel with Tambourine, marble, Pisan c.1360 prob. from Campo Santo, NGA 1960.5.15. This work has its own page.
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rosette for a musical instrument with center musician, boxwood on velvet, 15th c., poss. north Italy, PMA 1930-64-29
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pipe, lyre, horns, lute (partly obscured by display mount): imperial ceremony, ivory pyxis, 1403-04, DO BZ.1936.24, which has its own page
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portative organ, lute: Three Coronations tapestry, Brussels 1446-88, Sens CT. This work has its own page with harp.
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Filippo Lippi, Coronation of the Virgin panel, Marsuppini altarpiece, 1450s, Vat. loan to Arezzo MS. For full work with bagpipes see Arezzo Museums.
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cup (tazza): putti with musical instruments, enameled blue glass, Venice c.1490-1500, CMA 1960.36
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bell earring: Adoration of the Magi, textile/painting/bast fiber/gold leaf, late 15th c., Netherlands? Schn M715
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Annunciation and Nativity (with musical shepherd), enamel triptych, frame gilt copper on wood with traces polychrome and gilding, early 16th c. Limoges, Master of the Large Foreheads, PMA 1930-1-62. For additional views see PMA.
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angels with many instruments: Sens cathedral north transept windows, Jean Hympe the elder and the younger and Tassin Gassot, c.1515-19. This work has its own page.
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musicians playing harp, ney (end-blown flute), tambourine: Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp fol.80v, Iran, mid 1520s-30s, Met 1970.301. This manuscript has its own page.
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musical automaton in the form of a male saint, court of Charles V (J. Turriano?), Madrid 1570-80, MAAB. For detail see MAAB.
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harp, violin: Alessandro Bardelli, Gloria di Angeli 1624, painting formerly surrounding Berlinghieri St. Francis (here in a copy), San Francesco, Pescia, which has its own page with Berlinghieri
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lyre: Luigi Pichler, Farnese Bull c.1798-1818, glass intaglio, UCh 1989.5. This work has its own page.
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Amleto Montevecchi, Mrs. Bernagozzi 1920, aquarelle, Imola 301
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related: liturgical chants and St. Francis legenda minor, Tongeren? late 13th c., the Hague, National Library of the Netherlands 70 E4, fols. 110v-111r, which has its own page
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related: song book (Wienhäuser Liederbuch), paper, c.1470, WienMus Hs. 9